Bread baking – A review
Bread baking – A review
Arpita Mondal, A.K. Datta
*Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, IIT, Kharagpur 721 302, India
Received 23 May 2007; received in revised form 10 October 2007; accepted 19 November 2007
Available online 23 November 2007
Abstract
Bread is a basic dietary item dating back to the Neolithic era, which is prepared by baking that is carried out in oven. Control of the
production and distribution of bread has been used as a means of exercising political influence over the populace for at least the last two
millennia. Several experimental and mathematical models are developed for clear understanding of baking. This article presents a review
of published literatures on experimental and mathematical studies on bread baking during the last two decades. Baking technology, evolution
of baking ingredients, thermophysical properties of bread as functions of moisture content and baking time are reviewed. Experimental
and simulative studies on profiling of temperature, moisture content, pore volume, expansion ratio during baking are also
reviewed.
2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Keywords:
Bread; Experimental; Mathematical models; Crust